DENG XIAOPING: LISHI ZHUANZHE {DENG XIAOPING:
CYCLES OF HISTORY} {#146} {PT. 6 OF 12} {MANDARIN
CHINESE} (TV)
Summary
The second of two programs on this tape. Part six of
twelve in this biographical series about Chinese leader
Deng Xiaoping (1904-1997), produced after his death.
This episode focuses on Deng Xiaoping's efforts to
continue rebuilding the nation after the deaths of Mao
Zedong and Zhou Enlai in 1976, becoming the most
powerful Chinese Communist leader ever. The program
opens with footage of the nationwide mourning that
follows the death of Zhou on January 8, 1976. Historian
Fan Shuo discusses how Deng came to write and deliver
Zhou's eulogy. Next, the program covers the subsequent
fight for political power within the Communist Party
between Deng and the Gang of Four. The public generally
supports Deng's side and demonstrates against the Gang
of Four at Tiananmen Square, but the Gang of Four blames
Deng for leading the demonstrations. Auditorium clerk
Wu Xiaoping claims that this was a Gang of Four
conspiracy. Deng loses power again and moves to
Dongjiao Minxiang where all of his activities are
monitored. Next the program covers three major events
in 1976: the death of General Zhu De on July 6, the
Tangshan earthquake on July 28 that claimed 240,000
lives, and the death of Mao Zedong on September 9.
Footage of Mao's memorial service shows the remaining
aged founders of Communist China, including Ye Jianying,
Li Xianxian, Xu Xiangqian, Zhang Rongzhen, and Chen Yun,
who later save the country from the hands of the Gang of
Four. On October 6, 1976, the Gang of Four is
imprisoned, and the Cultural Revolution officially ends;
footage shows celebrations. Ye, who has been secretly
hosting the Deng Family since January 1976, suggests
bringing Deng back to rebuild China, but other Party
members reject his offer; Ye's office manager Wang
Shoujiang discusses this little-known event. Next,
footage of documents and newspapers accompanies the
discussion of how the Party blindly adopts Mao's policy
known as "The Two Whatevers" after his death. Nanjing
University professor Hu Fuming describes how Deng
opposed the policy citing a hand-written letter produced
by Deng at the time. Ye celebrates his eightieth
birthday, and footage shows Ye's house and photos of
Deng and Ye. With continuous support from Ye and other
Party members, Deng succeeds in returning to power and
attends a soccer game on July 30, 1977; the program
shows news footage of that day. Next, the program
describes Deng's practical inclination for rebuilding
the country. Han Suyin, a Chinese writer (now a British
citizen), who met with Deng in 1978, describes her
support for Deng's practical policy at the time.
Footage shows Deng attending both the National Science
Conference and the National Education Conference.
Despite controversy about Deng's challenge to Maoism, he
refuses to give up and travels around the country to
announce his policy of practicalism; footage of Deng on
a train during this tour and an interview with
government official Wang Enmao who discusses Deng's
policy in detail accompanies this part of the program.
Next Deng visits Japan; footage of him on the train and
in the factories follows. At the Third Plenary Session
of the Eleventh Communist Central Committee, Deng
presents his plans for reconstructing China. In an
interview, scholar Hu Sheng recalls the session as a
milestone of socialism. The next segment describes how
Deng helped to exonerate the wrongfully accused victims
of the Gang of Four crackdowns, including Lao She, Tao
Zhu, and Liu Shaoqi; their wives, Hu Jieqing, Zeng Zhi,
and Wang Guangmei, express their gratitude. Next, Shao
Huaze of the People's Daily recalls Deng's announcement
of "The Four Principles" for rebuilding China. The
program continues with interviews of Hu Sheng and Shao
Huaze discussing how Deng's policies led to a
reevaluation of Maoism; they both claim that Deng
stressed the importance of rethinking the core spirit of
Maoism, instead of blindly obeying the policies that Mao
had established in his late years. Then the program
airs footage from the Sixth Plenary Session of the
Eleventh Communist Central Committee in 1981, in
which Deng announces his conclusions about Maoism. The
program ends with footage from a congressional meeting
where current President Jiang Zemin talks about this
historical event.
(This program is in Mandarin Chinese.)
Cataloging of this program was made possible by Sun TV,
2002.
Details
- NETWORK: CCTV (China)
- DATE: November 30, 1996
- RUNNING TIME: 0:50:00
- COLOR/B&W: Color
- CATALOG ID: T:70803.002
- GENRE: Public affairs/Documentaries
- SUBJECT HEADING: China - Officials; China - History -- Gang of Four; International Collection - China
- SERIES RUN: CCTV (China) - TV series, 1997
- COMMERCIALS: N/A
CREDITS
- He Jingxiu … Executive Producer
- Shen Ji … Executive Producer
- Pan Rongting … Executive Producer
- Wang Zuoling … Executive Producer
- Zhou Liping … Executive Producer
- Jia Wenzeng … Executive Producer
- Xu Erchun … Executive Producer
- Gu Jianpei … Producer
- Wu Shaojing … Producer
- Liu Xuerong … Producer
- Li Dongsheng … Producer
- Zhang Ning … Producer
- Liu Changle … Producer
- Zhang Hua … Production (Misc.), Production Manager
- Duan Shucheng … Production (Misc.), Production Manager
- Xu Haiying … Director, Writer
- Wang Younian … Director, Writer
- Chu Jiahua … Director, Writer
- Hua Yue … Director, Writer
- Wang Heng … Direction (Misc.), Executive Director
- Zhao Qunli … Direction (Misc.), Executive Director
- Liu Xiaoli … Direction (Misc.) , Series Director
- Xu Haiying … Direction (Misc.) , Segment Director
- Wang Younian … Direction (Misc.) , Segment Director
- Feng Xianzhi … Created by
- Yang Weiguang … Created by
- Yin Jianbai … Chief Researcher
- Zhang Airu … Researcher
- Qin Zhilian … Researcher
- Feng Wei … Researcher
- Bo Shulan … Researcher
- Zuo Laihua … Researcher
- Ma Yingkui … Researcher
- Long Pingping … Writer
- Liu Jintian … Writer
- Gao Qi … Writer
- Wang Ning … Writer
- Zhang Airu … Writer
- Song Yijun … Writer
- Leng Rong … Writing (Misc.), Series Writer
- Chen Jin … Writing (Misc.), Series Writer
- Long Pingping … Writing (Misc.), Segment Writer
- Ai Liqun … Music by
- Li Haihui … Music by
- Zhang Hongguang … Music by
- Wang Yougui … Music by
- Ye Xuquan … Lyricist
- Jiang Kairu … Lyricist
- Tan Lihua … Conductor
- Wang Youguei … Theme Music by
- The Central Orchestra … Symphony Orchestra
- Zhao Zhongxiang … Narrator
- Yang Peiying … Reporter
- Jiang Hong … Reporter
- Zhou Yong … Reporter
- Chen Yun
- Deng Xiaoping
- Fan Shuo
- Han Suyin
- Hu Fuming
- Hu Jieqing
- Hu Sheng
- Jiang Zeming
- Lao She
- Li Xianxian
- Liu Shaoqi
- Mao Zedong
- Shao Huaze
- Tao Zhu
- Wang Enmao
- Wang Guangmei
- Wang Shoujiang
- Wu Xiaoping
- Xu Xiangqian
- Ye Jianying
- Zeng Zhi
- Zhang Rongzhen
- Zhou Enlai
- Zhu De